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留学咨询专线：022-28228886纽约市长博隆伯格在2012年度康奈尔大学毕业生集会上这样对即将毕业的学子们说：如果你还没找到工作的话，你最好离开父母的沙发，站起来到大城市去找理想的工作！
又一个毕业季即将来临，纽约时报做了一个小范围的调查，调查内容为都市区高等学历人才的密集度，调查对象为全美超过100个都市区至少拥有一个本科学位的25岁以上的人群，以2012年度为样本，并且对比1970年的数据。
这项调查重点强调了这个事实，虽然在过去的40年中，受良好教育的人数越来越大，人们对大都会区的热衷程度变化不同，以俄亥俄州的戴顿市为例，1970年度，该城市在全美100大都市区排名49位，当时有很好的工作机会，比如NCR和GM这样的大公司，当时不需要大量的高等学位人才。而现在随着制造业的萎靡，戴顿市在全美的都会区排名已跌落到85位，只有24%的成人拥有一个大学学位，这个数字低于整体平均值 32%。相比之下，芝加哥都会区在1970年和戴顿市一样是著名的制造业中心，拥有高等学位的人群和戴顿相当，但在接下来的40年中，经济的发展以及高附加值服务业的兴起，2012年芝加哥都会区在全美100大都会区中排名升至18名，相当于34%的成人拥有一个4年制学士学位。说明了都会区的发展和高等学位人群紧密相连，相辅相成。
这两个地区佐证了随着时间的变化，都市区对高等学位人群的吸引力变化趋势：1970年在20个高等学位人群最密集区里，有16%的成人拥有大学学位，而到了2010年，这个数字升到了38%，有22%的增长度，在20个高等学位人群最不密集区，这些都市区也有了长足的发展，大学学位拥有人群比从9%增长到了25%，但这16%的增长度，仍然使它们落后于那些于那些“聪明”的都会区。1970年前10名里7个高等学位最密集的都会区，在2010年仍然在前10名了，其中，华盛顿特区在2个年度里都是名列第一名。1970年高等学位人群最不密集的后10名里只有4个在2010里继续呆在“最不聪明”列里，而硅谷吸铁石效应的城市比如斯托克顿，莫德斯托和贝克斯菲尔德在那个日期排名还有所回落。[SITESERVER_PAGE]
由于制造业产地的转移，象戴顿这样的都会区失去了一部分的高等学位人群，但与此同时，象伍斯特，巴尔的摩，夏洛特和匹兹堡这样的城市，有更多的时间来进行产业转移，精力放在服务型经济发展因素上，比如提高健康，专业服务，高等教育和金融，以此来吸引高等学位人群来其地区工作发展生活。
具体到这些都市区里哪些在吸引高等学位人群里做的最好，以下城市需要特别指出：波士顿，旧金山，华盛顿，纽约，芝加哥，西雅图，亚特兰大和丹佛。
附表为此调查结果：
|
|
||||
|
Rank
|
Metro area
|
2010
|
1970
|
Change
|
|
1
|
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV
|
46.8%
|
22.1%
|
+24.7%
|
|
2
|
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA
|
45.3%
|
19.3%
|
+26.1%
|
|
3
|
Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT
|
44.0%
|
17.6%
|
+26.4%
|
|
4
|
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA
|
43.4%
|
16.8%
|
+26.5%
|
|
5
|
Madison, WI
|
43.3%
|
20.0%
|
+23.3%
|
|
6
|
Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH
|
43.0%
|
14.2%
|
+28.8%
|
|
7
|
Raleigh-Cary, NC
|
41.0%
|
13.4%
|
+27.7%
|
|
8
|
Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX
|
39.4%
|
16.3%
|
+23.0%
|
|
9
|
Denver-Aurora-Broomfield, CO
|
38.2%
|
16.2%
|
+22.0%
|
|
10
|
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI
|
37.9%
|
14.1%
|
+23.9%
|
|
11
|
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA
|
37.0%
|
14.7%
|
+22.3%
|
|
12
|
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA
|
36.0%
|
12.4%
|
+23.5%
|
|
13
|
Provo-Orem, UT
|
35.2%
|
15.8%
|
+19.5%
|
|
14
|
Baltimore-Towson, MD
|
35.1%
|
10.3%
|
+24.8%
|
|
15
|
Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT
|
34.6%
|
13.2%
|
+21.3%
|
|
16
|
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA
|
34.1%
|
12.0%
|
+22.1%
|
|
|
Colorado Springs, CO
|
34.1%
|
16.4%
|
+17.7%
|
|
18
|
Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI
|
34.0%
|
11.2%
|
+22.7%
|
|
19
|
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA
|
33.7%
|
14.0%
|
+19.8%
|
|
20
|
Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY
|
33.2%
|
12.4%
|
+20.8%
|
|
21
|
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD
|
33.1%
|
10.9%
|
+22.2%
|
|
22
|
Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA
|
33.0%
|
10.9%
|
+22.1%
|
|
|
Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA
|
33.0%
|
12.5%
|
+20.4%
|
|
|
Rochester, NY
|
33.0%
|
13.3%
|
+19.6%
|
|
25
|
Worcester, MA
|
32.7%
|
8.9%
|
+23.8%
|
|
26
|
Columbus, OH
|
32.5%
|
12.3%
|
+20.3%
|
|
|
Kansas City, MO-KS
|
32.5%
|
11.1%
|
+21.4%
|
|
28
|
Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC
|
32.2%
|
9.7%
|
+22.4%
|
|
29
|
Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA
|
32.0%
|
11.5%
|
+20.5%
|
|
30
|
Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville, SC
|
31.9%
|
9.9%
|
+22.0%
|
|
|
Honolulu, HI
|
31.9%
|
15.5%
|
+16.3%
|
|
32
|
New Haven-Milford, CT
|
31.8%
|
11.7%
|
+20.1%
|
|
33
|
Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI
|
31.7%
|
11.2%
|
+20.6%
|
|
|
Richmond, VA
|
31.7%
|
10.9%
|
+20.8%
|
|
35
|
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX
|
31.1%
|
12.9%
|
+18.2%
|
|
36
|
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA
|
31.0%
|
13.2%
|
+17.7%
|
|
37
|
Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY
|
30.9%
|
12.0%
|
+18.9%
|
|
38
|
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA
|
30.8%
|
12.3%
|
+18.5%
|
|
39
|
Indianapolis-Carmel, IN
|
30.7%
|
10.4%
|
+20.3%
|
|
40
|
Ogden-Clearfield, UT
|
30.1%
|
12.7%
|
+17.5%
|
|
41
|
Tucson, AZ
|
30.0%
|
15.7%
|
+14.3%
|
|
42
|
St. Louis, MO-IL
|
29.9%
|
9.7%
|
+20.2%
|
|
43
|
Columbia, SC
|
29.8%
|
13.1%
|
+16.7%
|
|
44
|
Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN
|
29.7%
|
9.7%
|
+20.0%
|
|
45
|
Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA
|
29.4%
|
13.2%
|
+16.3%
|
|
46
|
Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN
|
29.3%
|
10.0%
|
+19.3%
|
|
|
Albuquerque, NM
|
29.3%
|
15.4%
|
+13.8%
|
|
48
|
Syracuse, NY
|
29.2%
|
13.2%
|
+16.0%
|
|
49
|
Springfield, MA
|
29.1%
|
10.5%
|
+18.6%
|
|
|
Pittsburgh, PA
|
29.1%
|
9.1%
|
+20.0%
|
|
51
|
Salt Lake City, UT
|
29.0%
|
14.7%
|
+14.3%
|
|
52
|
Knoxville, TN
|
28.8%
|
10.7%
|
+18.1%
|
|
53
|
Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA
|
28.7%
|
9.4%
|
+19.3%
|
|
54
|
Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC
|
28.5%
|
9.9%
|
+18.6%
|
|
|
Akron, OH
|
28.5%
|
10.8%
|
+17.8%
|
|
|
Providence-New Bedford-Fall River, RI-MA
|
28.5%
|
8.3%
|
+20.2%
|
|
57
|
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX
|
28.4%
|
13.4%
|
+15.0%
|
|
58
|
Boise City-Nampa, ID
|
28.3%
|
11.4%
|
+17.0%
|
|
|
Jackson, MS
|
28.3%
|
12.2%
|
+16.1%
|
|
|
Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY
|
28.3%
|
9.6%
|
+18.7%
|
|
61
|
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL
|
28.1%
|
10.7%
|
+17.4%
|
|
|
Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL
|
28.1%
|
10.6%
|
+17.4%
|
|
63
|
Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH
|
27.7%
|
10.5%
|
+17.2%
|
|
64
|
Oklahoma City, OK
|
27.6%
|
12.8%
|
+14.8%
|
|
65
|
Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI
|
27.3%
|
9.4%
|
+17.9%
|
|
66
|
Phoenix-Mesa-Glendale, AZ
|
27.2%
|
12.5%
|
+14.7%
|
|
67
|
Wichita, KS
|
27.1%
|
11.7%
|
+15.4%
|
|
68
|
Jacksonville, FL
|
26.9%
|
8.8%
|
+18.2%
|
|
|
Greenville-Mauldin-Easley, SC
|
26.9%
|
9.7%
|
+17.2%
|
|
|
North Port-Bradenton-Sarasota, FL
|
26.9%
|
12.2%
|
+14.7%
|
|
71
|
New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA
|
26.8%
|
10.2%
|
+16.5%
|
|
72
|
Baton Rouge, LA
|
26.6%
|
11.8%
|
+14.8%
|
|
|
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ
|
26.6%
|
7.8%
|
+18.8%
|
|
74
|
Birmingham-Hoover, AL
|
26.3%
|
8.3%
|
+18.0%
|
|
75
|
Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI
|
26.2%
|
9.2%
|
+17.1%
|
|
|
Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL
|
26.2%
|
9.0%
|
+17.2%
|
|
|
Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR
|
26.2%
|
10.0%
|
+16.3%
|
|
78
|
Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN
|
25.8%
|
8.5%
|
+17.3%
|
|
79
|
Greensboro-High Point, NC
|
25.6%
|
9.9%
|
+15.6%
|
|
80
|
San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX
|
25.4%
|
9.8%
|
+15.6%
|
|
81
|
Memphis, TN-MS-AR
|
25.1%
|
8.9%
|
+16.1%
|
|
|
Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL
|
25.1%
|
15.1%
|
+9.9%
|
|
83
|
Tulsa, OK
|
24.8%
|
10.6%
|
+14.2%
|
|
84
|
Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC
|
24.5%
|
9.4%
|
+15.1%
|
|
85
|
Dayton, OH
|
24.4%
|
11.0%
|
+13.4%
|
|
86
|
Toledo, OH
|
24.3%
|
9.3%
|
+15.0%
|
|
87
|
Lancaster, PA
|
24.1%
|
8.2%
|
+15.8%
|
|
88
|
Cape Coral-Fort Myers, |
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